The impact of serial mergers and acquisitions on enterprises' total factor productivity: The mediating role of digital transformation

PLoS One. 2024 Nov 20;19(11):e0311045. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0311045. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Research background: M&A (Mergers and acquisitions) is a strategic measure for enterprises to expand their scale, enhance their competitiveness and improve productivity in the market competition. As a new factor of production, data is changing the factor input model and value creation path of enterprises.

Research objectives: From the perspective of serial M&A, this study explores the impact of serial M&A on enterprises' TFP (total factor productivity) and the mechanism of digital transformation between them.

Research methods: Take the serial M&A transactions of China's A-share listed companies from 2010 to 2019 as samples, using the theory of organizational learning to analyze the relationship among serial M&A, enterprises' TFP and the degree of digital transformation. Three-step regression is used to construct a model that serial M&A indirectly affects enterprises' TFP through intermediary variable digital transformation.

Research finding: There is a significant inverse U-shaped relationship between serial M&A and enterprises' TFP, and digital transformation plays a mediating role in this relationship. The impact of serial M&A on enterprises' TFP shows an upward trend at first and then a downward trend and this relationship is indirectly realized through digital transformation. The results are still valid after considering the change-explained variables, lag test, Sobel-Goodman test, and Bootstrap test. Heterogeneity analysis shows that for enterprises with non-state-owned property rights, smaller enterprise scale, and higher business environment index, serial M&A has a more obvious effect on TFP indirectly through the degree of digital transformation.

Research value: It further enriches the existing literature on the decision-making of M&A from the perspective of serial M&A and profoundly reveals the mechanism of the degree of digital transformation in the relationship between serial M&A and enterprises' TFP. The research provides theoretical support and empirical evidence for enterprises to achieve high-quality development.

MeSH terms

  • China
  • Commerce*
  • Economic Competition
  • Efficiency
  • Humans

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the Innovation and Entrepreneurship training Program for College students of University of Science and Technology Liaoning (CN), project host by Liyan Tan; Outstanding Young Scientific and Technological Talents Project of University of Science and Technology Liaoning (CN) [grant number2023YQ06], project host by Xiaoxu Zhang; The key scientific research project of Liaoning Provincial Audit Office(CN)[grant number 2024lnsj05], project host by Xiaoxu Zhang; The the Fundamental Research Funds for the Liaoning Universities (CN), project host by Xiaoxu Zhang.