Clinical outcomes of Omicron infection and vaccine acceptance among pediatric liver transplant recipients: insights from a cross-sectional survey

Virol J. 2024 Nov 22;21(1):299. doi: 10.1186/s12985-024-02531-7.

Abstract

Objectives: Our study aims to explore the clinical characteristics of Omicron infection in pediatric liver transplant recipients (PLTRs), after the national COVID-19 outbreak. Additionally, we will investigate changes in vaccine coverage and parental attitudes towards vaccinating their children after this current outbreak.

Methods: We conducted a web-based questionnaire survey to gather information on Omicron infection, vaccination status, and guardian attitude among PLTRs. Besides, utilized valid questionnaire and long-term follow-up information processing techniques, and performed statistical analysis of relevant parameters.

Results: 528 valid questionnaires were collected, among which, 251 responses replied Omicron infection status. The Omicron infection rate in Chinese PLTRs was 56.2% (141/251), similar to the report in the normal population (around 60%). 99.3% of infected PLTRs presented mild symptoms, mostly with fever (78.0%), followed by Cough (76.6%), with a mean RTPCR conversion time of 7 days; the overall PLTRs' vaccination rate in this study was 13.3%, similar to that of our previous study (9.4%). Besides, we found no significant differences of either infection rate or clinical symptoms between the vaccinated and unvaccinated groups. Moreover, the study showed 61.6% of guardians supported COVID-19 inoculation despite the outbreak of Omicron status.

Conclusions: The symptoms of Omicron infection in Chinese PLTRs were relatively mild, vaccine immunization had a limited effect on PLTRs' defense against Omicron infection, besides, their guardians supported the inoculation policy with a caution.

Clinical trial registration: http://www.chictr.org.cn , identifier ChiCTR2200055968.

Keywords: COVID-19; Nebulized inhalation vaccine; Omicron; Pediatric liver transplantation; Vaccine acceptance.

Publication types

  • Clinical Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • COVID-19 Vaccines* / administration & dosage
  • COVID-19 Vaccines* / immunology
  • COVID-19* / epidemiology
  • COVID-19* / prevention & control
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • China / epidemiology
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Liver Transplantation*
  • Male
  • Parents / psychology
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Transplant Recipients* / statistics & numerical data
  • Vaccination / statistics & numerical data

Substances

  • COVID-19 Vaccines