Association analyses of nutritional markers with Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease

Heliyon. 2024 Nov 6;10(21):e40191. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40191. eCollection 2024 Nov 15.

Abstract

Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are common neurodegenerative diseases with multifaceted etiology. Nutritional and metabolic abnormalities are frequently implicated in PD and AD. In this observational study, we analyzed a series of nutritional markers, and aimed to understand their association with AD and PD risk.

Methods: A total of 424 PD patients, 314 AD patients, and 388 healthy controls were included. Nutritional markers including Hemoglobin A1c, vitamin B12, folate, apolipoprotein B (ApoB), apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein, triglyceride, total cholesterol (TC), uric acid and homocysteine (HCY) were measured. Significance for odds ratios examining was P < 0.0045 after bonferroni correction.

Results: Multifactor risk analysis showed that ApoB, LDL, and TC reduce PD risk, while HCY increase PD risk. ApoA1 and HCY are protective and risk factors for AD, respectively.

Conclusion: The cross-sectional study demonstrates that HCY and lipid metabolism markers are associated with PD and AD risks. Our findings support the involvement of one-carbon metabolism and lipid metabolism disturbance in PD and AD.

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; Apolipoprotein; Homocysteine; Lipid; Parkinson’s disease.