Characterized factors of subjects who were first time diagnosed as hyperglycemia more than 126 mg/dl during annual or biannual medical checkups: a case-control study in Japan

Miwako Minami; Tomohiro Imamura; Ayako Takamori; Hiromu Minagawa; Rina Matsuo; Junko Miyakawa; Kenichi Izumi; Shoichiro Ohta; Kohei Yamanouchi; Nobuya Souta; Kyosuke Yamamoto; Sadatosi Tsuji; Tsukuru Umemura; Keizo Anzai; Yuji Hirai; Kazuma Fujimoto; Takuya Kishi

doi:10.3164/jcbn.24-98

Characterized factors of subjects who were first time diagnosed as hyperglycemia more than 126 mg/dl during annual or biannual medical checkups: a case-control study in Japan

J Clin Biochem Nutr. 2024 Nov;75(3):217-221. doi: 10.3164/jcbn.24-98. Epub 2024 Aug 20.

Authors

Miwako Minami^{1

2}, Tomohiro Imamura^{1

2}, Ayako Takamori³, Hiromu Minagawa^{1

2}, Rina Matsuo², Junko Miyakawa², Kenichi Izumi², Shoichiro Ohta^{1

2}, Kohei Yamanouchi^{1

2}, Nobuya Souta², Kyosuke Yamamoto², Sadatosi Tsuji², Tsukuru Umemura^{1

2}, Keizo Anzai^{1

2}, Yuji Hirai^{1

2}, Kazuma Fujimoto^{1

2}, Takuya Kishi¹

Affiliations

¹ International University of Health and Welfare Graduate School of Medicine, Okawa, Fukuoka 831-8501, Japan.
² Preventive Medical Center, the Kouhou-kai Takagi Hospital, Okawa, Fukuoka 831-0016, Japan.
³ Clinical Research Center, Saga University Hospital, Saga, Saga 849-0937, Japan.

Abstract

The present study examined factors in subjects diagnosed with hyperglycemia during periodic medical checkups. In total, 9,324 subjects (males: 4,532, females: 4,792) visited the Takagi Hospital for medical checkups in 2019. Eighty-two subjects (59 males) whose fasting blood glucose exceeded 126 mg/dl for the first time during the annual or biannual follow-up were included. Sex- and age-matched controls were used. Data from cases with hyperglycemia were compared to data from themselves one or two years before hyperglycemia. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, fatty liver, and blood pressure were higher in cases than in controls. Fasting blood glucose and hemoglobin A1c were higher in cases. Blood test results indicated that triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GTP), were significantly enhanced in cases. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, triglyceride, ALT, and γ-GTP were significant independent risk factors for cases with hyperglycemia. These risk factors were already enhanced in the cases of themselves in one or two years before hyperglycemia. In conclusion, BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, and fatty liver indicated by ALT and γ-GTP were exacerbated concomitant with hyperglycemia, and increases in these factors preceded hyperglycemia.

Keywords: fatty liver; hyperlipidemia; hypertension; medical staff; metabolic syndrome.