Epidemiological survey of anterior segment diseases in Japanese isolated island using a portable slit-lamp device in home-based cases in Miyako Island

PLoS One. 2024 Nov 25;19(11):e0306845. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0306845. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

The ophthalmic diseases often affect the elderly and require proper diagnosis, treatments, and follow ups. However, many cases lack adequate eye care due to limited resources and decreased daily living activities among individuals. Despite the importance of ophthalmic home care, epidemiological research in this area has been lacking. This study utilized portable ophthalmological equipment to conduct an epidemiological research of anterior segment diseases in patients receiving home-based medical care in Japanese isolated island "Miyako island". A retrospective examination was conducted on home visit cases from a single facility in Miyako island (Dr. Gon Clinic). Data from 147 cases were collected and analyzed which the data are all recorded by the home care doctors and send the data to the cloud in order to make a diagnosis by the ophthalmologists. Findings included various anterior segment eye diseases such as Ptosis, meibomian gland dysfunction, conjunctival chalasis, corneal opacity, conjunctival hyperemia, pterygium, and cataract. Notably, over half of the cases (51.67%) had not undergone cataract surgery although the average age are notably high (85.69 ± 12.11 age of years). Among those without surgery, all showed signs of moderate to severe cataracts, with severity increasing with age. Additionally, a shallow anterior chamber depth was observed in one-third of these cases (33.63%) which considerable to receive a surgery to prevent the acute glaucoma attack. From our study, to ensure that patients in remote islands as Miyako island do not miss opportunities for eye care, there is an urgent need for the establishment of a supportive medical system.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Anterior Eye Segment*
  • East Asian People
  • Eye Diseases / diagnosis
  • Eye Diseases / epidemiology
  • Female
  • Home Care Services
  • Humans
  • Islands
  • Japan / epidemiology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Slit Lamp
  • Slit Lamp Microscopy

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Uehara Memorial Foundation, Hitachi Global Foundation, Kondo Memorial Foundation, Eustylelab, Kowa Life Science Foundation, Keio University Global Research Institute, The Asahi Glass Foundation, The Okawa Foundation, Suzuken Memorial Foundation, Yakult bioscience Foundation and Daiwa Securities Foundation. No other funding statement to declare including company and patent. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.