Validation study for assessing COVID-19 pneumonia treatments

Sci Rep. 2024 Nov 25;14(1):29195. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-80213-8.

Abstract

This study investigates the effectiveness of Azvudine and nirmatrelvir-ritonavir (Paxlovid) in treating COVID-19 pneumonia through an analysis of real-world clinical data. We retrospectively collected data from COVID-19 patients hospitalized at the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between December 21, 2022, and January 18, 2023. Using kernel density estimation, box-and-whisker plots, and Schoenfeld residual plots, we evaluated the transition of patients to negative status and assessed factors such as age, disease severity, and treatment effects. The findings revealed that both Azvudine and Paxlovid significantly reduced recovery times, with Azvudine showing notable benefits for patients aged 50-80. Our analysis indicated that these drugs improved lung CT values and reduced disease severity in moderate cases. The Cox model demonstrated robustness in predicting outcomes, and a nomogram was developed for individualized recovery probability assessment. These results provide important insights into optimizing COVID-19 treatment and the potential of predictive models in clinical decision-making.

Keywords: Azivudine; COVID-19 pandemic; Paxlovid; Real-world evidence; Treatment effects.

Publication types

  • Validation Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Antiviral Agents / therapeutic use
  • COVID-19 Drug Treatment*
  • COVID-19*
  • Drug Combinations
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Ritonavir* / therapeutic use
  • SARS-CoV-2 / isolation & purification
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Ritonavir
  • Antiviral Agents
  • Drug Combinations