Loss of chromosome cytoband 13q14.2 orchestrates breast cancer pathogenesis and drug response

Breast Cancer Res. 2024 Nov 27;26(1):170. doi: 10.1186/s13058-024-01924-4.

Abstract

Breast cancer (BCa) is a major global health challenge. The BCa genome often carries extensive somatic copy number alterations (CNAs), including gains/amplifications and losses/deletions. These CNAs significantly affect tumor development, drug response and patient survival. However, how individual CNAs contribute is mostly elusive. We identified loss of chromosome 13q14.2 as a key CNA in BCa, occurring in up to 63% of patients, depending on the subtype, and correlating with poor survival. Through multi-omics and in vitro analyses, we uncover a paradoxical role of 13q14.2 loss, promoting both cell cycle and pro-apoptotic pathways in cancer cells, while also associating with increased NK cell and macrophage populations in the tumor microenvironment. Notably, 13q14.2 loss increases BCa susceptibility to BCL2 inhibitors, both in vitro and in patient-derived xenografts. Thus, 13q14.2 loss could serve as a biomarker for BCa prognosis and treatment, potentially improving outcomes for BCa patients.

Keywords: Biomarker; Breast cancer; Chromosome 13q14.2; Copy number alterations; Drug sensitivity; Tumor microenvironment.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Apoptosis / genetics
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics
  • Breast Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Breast Neoplasms* / genetics
  • Breast Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Chromosome Deletion
  • Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13* / genetics
  • DNA Copy Number Variations*
  • Female
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Humans
  • Killer Cells, Natural / immunology
  • Killer Cells, Natural / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Prognosis
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / genetics
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / metabolism
  • Tumor Microenvironment / genetics
  • Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Substances

  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2
  • Antineoplastic Agents