Construction and evaluation of glycoprotein-based nucleic acid vaccines for Marburg virus

Med Microbiol Immunol. 2024 Nov 28;214(1):1. doi: 10.1007/s00430-024-00811-1.

Abstract

Marburg virus (MARV) is a zoonotic virus that can infect humans and non-human primates (NHPs) and lead to a fatal Marburg hemorrhagic fever (MHF), while there is no approved vaccine or antiviral treatment for MHF. The nucleic acid vaccine has unique advantages, including fast and simple preparation, easy to follow the virus mutation situation, and less adverse reactions. Therefore, we constructed the DNA and mRNA candidate vaccines based on codon-optimized MARV glycoprotein sequence, and evaluated the immune effect in mice through ELISA, ELISpot, and Flow cytometry. After the second booster immunization, both of the candidate vaccines induced strong humoral immune response, enhanced T cell response, and elicited neutralizing antibodies. Notably, DNA candidate vaccine induced stronger humoral immune response, while mRNA candidate vaccine elicited higher levels of IFN-γ and IL-4. In addition, transcriptome analysis revealed that the candidate vaccines activated immune response related pathways. Our study shed new light on the nucleic acid vaccines for MARV and further confirmed the potential of nucleic acid vaccine for future MHF prevention and control.

Keywords: DNA vaccine; Marburg hemorrhagic fever (MHF); Marburg virus (MARV); Nucleic acid vaccines; mRNA vaccine.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing* / blood
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing* / immunology
  • Antibodies, Viral* / blood
  • Antibodies, Viral* / immunology
  • Female
  • Glycoproteins / genetics
  • Glycoproteins / immunology
  • Immunity, Humoral
  • Immunization, Secondary
  • Interferon-gamma / metabolism
  • Interleukin-4 / metabolism
  • Marburg Virus Disease* / immunology
  • Marburg Virus Disease* / prevention & control
  • Marburgvirus* / genetics
  • Marburgvirus* / immunology
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • T-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • Vaccines, DNA* / genetics
  • Vaccines, DNA* / immunology
  • Vaccines, Synthetic / administration & dosage
  • Vaccines, Synthetic / genetics
  • Vaccines, Synthetic / immunology
  • Viral Envelope Proteins / genetics
  • Viral Envelope Proteins / immunology
  • Viral Vaccines* / genetics
  • Viral Vaccines* / immunology
  • mRNA Vaccines

Substances

  • Vaccines, DNA
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • Viral Vaccines
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing
  • Glycoproteins
  • mRNA Vaccines
  • Interleukin-4
  • Vaccines, Synthetic
  • Viral Envelope Proteins
  • Interferon-gamma