In Silico Screening of CO2-Dipeptide Interactions for Bioinspired Carbon Capture

Chemphyschem. 2024 Nov 28:e202400498. doi: 10.1002/cphc.202400498. Online ahead of print.

Abstract

Carbon capture, sequestration and utilization offers a viable solution for reducing the total amount of atmospheric CO2concentrations. On an industrial scale, amine-based solvents are extensively employed for CO2 capture through chemisorption. Nevertheless, this method is marked by the high cost associated with solvent regeneration, high vapor pressure, and the corrosive and toxic attributes of by-products, such as nitrosamines. An alternative approach is the biomimicry of sustainable materials that have strong affinity and selectivity for CO2. Bioinspired approaches, such as those based on naturally occurring amino acids, have been proposed for direct air capture methodologies. In this study, we present a database consisting of 960 dipeptide molecular structures, composed of the 20 naturally occurring amino acids. Those structures were analyzed with a novel computational workflow presented in this work that considers certain interaction sites that determine CO2 affinity. Density functional theory (DFT) and symmetry-adapted perturbation theory (SAPT) computations were performed for the calculation of CO2 interaction energies, which allowed to limit our search space to 400 unique dipeptide structures. Using this computational workflow, we provide statistical insights into dipeptides and their affinity for CO2 binding, as well as design principles that can further enhance CO2 capture through cooperative binding.

Keywords: CO2 capture; noncovalent interactions; quantum chemical calculations, bioinspired molecular design, data sciences.