Some biochemical properties of melanins from opioid peptides

Biochim Biophys Acta. 1994 Mar 2;1199(2):123-9. doi: 10.1016/0304-4165(94)90106-6.

Abstract

Opioid peptides are converted by mushroom tyrosinase into melanin-like compounds retaining the peptide moiety (opio-melanins). Opio-melanins, owing to the presence of the linked aminoacids and in contrast with DOPA-melanin, are soluble compounds. The enkephalin-generated melanins are cleaved by carboxypeptidase A and pronase whereas aminopeptidase M cannot remove aminoacids from the pigment. Enkephalins, as well as other opioid peptides, (alpha-endorphin, kyotorphin, esorphins) if oxidized in presence of DOPA and tyrosinase are readily incorporated into DOPA-melanin. The resulting mixed-melanins (opio-melanin + DOPA-melanin) can be solubilized in hydrophilic solvents. Melanin from leu-enkephalin exhibits paramagnetism as evidenced by an EPR spectrum identical to that of DOPA-melanin, but unlike the latter pigment, it does not appear to oxidize NADH, probably for the presence of the peptide moiety that exerts a hampering effect on the oxidizing capacity.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Aminopeptidases / metabolism
  • Basidiomycota / enzymology
  • CD13 Antigens
  • Carboxypeptidases / metabolism
  • Carboxypeptidases A
  • Dihydroxyphenylalanine / metabolism
  • Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy
  • Endorphins / chemistry*
  • Endorphins / metabolism
  • Enkephalins / chemistry
  • Enkephalins / metabolism
  • Kinetics
  • Melanins / chemistry*
  • Melanins / metabolism
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Monophenol Monooxygenase / metabolism
  • NAD / metabolism
  • Oxidation-Reduction
  • Pronase / metabolism
  • Solubility

Substances

  • Endorphins
  • Enkephalins
  • Melanins
  • NAD
  • Dihydroxyphenylalanine
  • Monophenol Monooxygenase
  • Carboxypeptidases
  • Aminopeptidases
  • CD13 Antigens
  • Carboxypeptidases A
  • Pronase