Carvone: an overlooked contact allergen cross-reacting with sesquiterpene lactones?

Contact Dermatitis. 1993 Sep;29(3):138-43. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1993.tb03511.x.

Abstract

The terpene l-carvone is one of the main constituents of spearmint oil. The sensitizing potential of l-carvone has been considered low, but it has occasionally caused contact allergy in users of spearmint toothpaste and chewing gum. l-Carvone is also an oxidation product of d-limonene that occurs in solvents used increasingly in industry. We included l-carvone 5% pet. in the standard patch test series. In the 1st year, 541 patients were tested and 15 (2.77%) had positive, and 12 doubtful positive (?+) reactions to l-carvone. The strongest reactions were observed in 9 patients with concomitant Compositae sensitivity. The key clinical features and other contact allergies of the patients are presented. When re-testing with l-carvone in the same or lower concentrations, only 2 out of 8 patients had positive reactions. Possible reasons for this discrepancy are discussed in terms of cross-reactions, concomitant sensitization, excited skin syndrome, irritancy and facilitated immunological response.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Cyclohexane Monoterpenes
  • Dermatitis, Contact / etiology*
  • Dermatitis, Contact / prevention & control
  • Dermatitis, Occupational / etiology*
  • Dermatitis, Occupational / prevention & control
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Female
  • Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Monoterpenes
  • Patch Tests*
  • Risk Factors
  • Terpenes / adverse effects*

Substances

  • Cyclohexane Monoterpenes
  • Monoterpenes
  • Terpenes
  • carvone