The goal of the paper was to reveal integral characteristics of temperament related to the peculiarities of interhemispheric interaction. With this aim in view, the types of temperament were studied in persons with different professional orientation. The temperament type with a "strong" nervous system and a higher capacity for work was shown to be characterized by a higher level of synchronization of biopotentials in the frontal regions of the brain, and that between the distant brain areas (frontal and occipital ones) as well as by more intensive activation of the right hemisphere in the process of mental work. This type of temperament was more often found among the persons whose profession was connected with artistic creative activity.