Identification of an extracellular motif involved in the binding of guanine nucleotides by a glutamate receptor

EMBO J. 1996 Apr 1;15(7):1548-56.

Abstract

The chick cerebellar kainate (KA) binding protein (KBP), a member of the family of ionotropic glutamate receptors, harbours a glycine-rich (GxGxxG) motif known to be involved in the binding of ATP and GTP to kinases and G proteins respectively. Here, we report that guanine, but not adenine, nucleotides interact with KBP by inhibiting [3H]KA binding in a competitive-like manner, displaying IC50 values in the micromolar range. To locate the GTP binding site, KBP was photoaffinity labelled with [alpha-32P]GTP. The reaction was blocked by KA, glutamate, 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione and antibodies raised against a peptide containing the glycine-rich motif. Site-directed mutagenesis of residues K72 and Y73 within the glycine-rich motif followed by the expression of the KBP mutants at the surface of HEK 293 cells showed a decrease in GTP binding affinity by factors of 10 and 100 respectively. The binding of [3H]KA to the K72A/T KBP mutants was not affected but binding to the Y73I KBP mutant was decreased by a factor of 10. Accordingly, we propose that the glycine-rich motif of KBP forms part of a guanine nucleotide binding site. We further suggest that the glycine-rich motif is the binding site at which guanine nucleotides inhibit the glutamate-mediated responses of various members of the subfamily of glutamate ionotropic receptors.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Affinity Labels
  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • Binding Sites / genetics
  • Binding, Competitive
  • Cerebellum / metabolism
  • Chickens
  • Extracellular Space / metabolism
  • Guanine Nucleotides / metabolism*
  • Guanosine Triphosphate / metabolism
  • In Vitro Techniques
  • Kinetics
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
  • Oocytes
  • Peptide Fragments / chemistry
  • Peptide Fragments / genetics
  • Peptide Fragments / metabolism
  • Photochemistry
  • Receptors, Glutamate / genetics
  • Receptors, Glutamate / metabolism*
  • Receptors, Kainic Acid / chemistry
  • Receptors, Kainic Acid / genetics
  • Receptors, Kainic Acid / metabolism
  • Xenopus laevis

Substances

  • Affinity Labels
  • Guanine Nucleotides
  • Peptide Fragments
  • Receptors, Glutamate
  • Receptors, Kainic Acid
  • Guanosine Triphosphate