Abstract
Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection of newborn rhesus macaques is a rapid, sensitive animal model of human pediatric AIDS. Newborn macaques were readily infected by uncloned SIVmac following oral-conjunctival exposure and had persistently high viremia and rapid development of AIDS. In contrast, when 3 pregnant macaques were vaccinated against SIV, 2 of the newborns that had transplacentally acquired antiviral antibodies were protected against mucosal SIV infection at birth. These results suggest that intervention strategies such as active immunization of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected pregnant women and anti-HIV immunoglobulin administration may decrease the rate of perinatal HIV infection.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
MeSH terms
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Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / prevention & control
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Animals
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Animals, Newborn
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Antibodies, Viral / blood
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CD4-CD8 Ratio
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Female
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Humans
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Immunity, Maternally-Acquired / immunology
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Immunoglobulin Isotypes / blood
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Immunophenotyping
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Macaca mulatta
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Mouth Mucosa
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Neutralization Tests
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Pregnancy
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SAIDS Vaccines / administration & dosage*
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SAIDS Vaccines / immunology
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Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / prevention & control*
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Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / immunology*
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Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / isolation & purification
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T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / immunology
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Vaccination
Substances
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Antibodies, Viral
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Immunoglobulin Isotypes
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SAIDS Vaccines