Both acute and chronic ITP in children are generally benign conditions. Few patients develop serious complications or long-term sequelae. Therefore, most patients require little or no specific therapy. IVIG or high-dose steroids may benefit some patients who have evidence of clinical bleeding, and splenectomy may be of value in patients with chronic ITP whose lives are altered by low platelet counts or bleeding. It is difficult to predict which patients are at risk for the development of ICH, and severe hemorrhage is not always curtailed by prior or concomitant therapy. The decision to treat a child with ITP should be based on the entire clinical picture rather than on the platelet count alone.