Birth problems can lead to changes in brain morphology in the general population and an increased prevalence of both birth problems and altered brain morphology are found in patients with schizophrenia. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that these two findings are related. Birth history and the size of ventricular and sulcal spaces from nine regions of the brain were assessed in 80 male subjects with schizophrenia. No differences were found between patients with and those without a history of birth problems for the size of any brain space; however, ventricular size increased significantly with age in patients who had no birth complications but not in patients with a history of birth problems. The size of cortical sulci increased with age in patients with and those without a history of birth problems. These results suggest that region-specific rates of change in size may identify clinically meaningful patients subgroups.