Haemophilus parainfluenzae was isolated from a bile specimen and from an aspirate of a liver abscess in a 58-year-old liver-transplanted woman that was indicative of an invasion of the graft by an ascending route. Drug therapy, immunosuppression, rejection therapy, and Roux-en-Y choledochojejunostomy may have contributed to the septic course. Interdisciplinary cooperation was instrumental in diagnosis and successful management in this case.