Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of proper management of inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery (IPDA) in laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD). Methods: This is a retrospective case series study. The clinical and pathological data of 70 patients who received LPD due to pancreatic head tumors, periampullary tumors, or distal common bile duct tumors in the Pancreatic Center of the Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine from January to December 2022 were retrospectively collected. There were 47 males(67.1%) and 23 females(32.9%),aged (59.9±12.8)years(range:13 to 87 years).The procedure of IPDA exposure was as follows:a middle approach was utilized to expose the right half of superior mesenteric artery(SMA) and its right branches between the SMA and superior mesenteric vein(SMV) in superior colonic region. In the subcolonic region,SMA trunk exposure via dissection along the jejunal artery from feet to head and identification the association between IPDA and jejunal artery were prior to IPDA root ligation and dissection. The safety and efficacy of intraoperative IPDA handling were assessed based on surgical videos. Follow-up was carried out in outpatient clinic or by telephone, and outpatient follow-up was conducted once every 1 to 3 months after surgery. Results: The percentage of total LPD was 98.6%(69/70),with all patients achieving R0 resection. Nine cases(12.9%) were involved in combined vascular resection and reconstruction,with 1 case (1.4%) requiring additional upper abdominal incision for vascular and gastrointestinal reconstruction,while the remaining eight cases (11.4%) were completed laparoscopically. The operative time was (432.7±115.4)minutes(range:282 to 727 minutes), and the blood loss was (140.0±125.7)ml(range:20 to 800 ml). Only two patients(2.9%) received fresh frozen plasma transfusion,with an average volume of 650 ml. Reliable ligation and safe handling of the IPDA were achieved in 91.4%(64/70) of cases, with 8.6%(6/70) suffering from IPDA injury-related bleeding. No one was converted to opened surgery. Pathologically,the mean tumor size was (3.3±1.6)cm (range:1 to 7 cm),and the mean number of harvested lymph nodes was 17.0±7.3(range:0 to 46). Lymph node metastasis was observed in 13 cases (18.6%). Five cases (13.2%) developed grade B pancreatic fistula,while no grade C pancreatic fistula occurred. Other complications included bile leakage in one case(1.4%),delayed gastric emptying in two cases(2.9%), lymphatic leakage in 2 cases(2.9%),intra-abdominal infection in 9 cases(12.9%),and fat liquefaction of surgical incision in 1 case(1.4%). Two cases(2.9%) experienced postoperative intra-abdominal bleeding,one due to mesangial bleeding of lesser curvature of the stomach and the other due to oozing from the hepatic arterial sheath. These bleeding events were not concerned with IPDA. The average length of postoperative hospital stay was (15.2±4.6)days(range:9 to 28 days). Conclusion: Proper intraoperative management of IPDA in LPD might reduce IPDA-related bleeding during and after surgery and improve the safety of LPD.
目的： 探讨腹腔镜胰十二指肠切除术（LPD）中妥善处理胰十二指肠下动脉（IPDA）的临床效果。 方法： 本研究为回顾性病例系列研究。回顾性收集2022年1—12月广州中医药大学第二临床医学院胰腺中心连续收治的70例因胰头占位、壶腹部肿瘤或胆总管下段占位而接受LPD的患者的临床和病理学资料。男性47例（67.1%），女性23例（32.9%），年龄（59.9±12.8）岁（范围：13~87岁）。IPDA的解剖和处理方法：结肠上区采取中间入路，于肠系膜上动脉（SMA）和肠系膜上静脉（SMV）之间，鞘外解剖、显露SMA右侧，显露SMA右侧分支，暂不离断；结肠下区沿空肠动脉由足侧向头侧解剖追踪、显露SMA主干，判断IPDA与空肠动脉的关系，识别并离断IPDA，处理IPDA根部。采用门诊或电话方式进行随访，术后每1~3个月门诊随访1次。 结果： 本组患者的LPD完成率为98.6%（69/70），所有患者获得根治性切除。术中联合血管切除重建9例（12.9%），其中1例（1.4%）经上腹部小切口完成血管重建和消化道重建。手术时间（432.7±115.4）min（范围：282~727 min），术中出血量（140.0±125.7）ml（范围：20~800 ml）。2例（2.9%）输注新鲜冰冻血浆。91.4%（64/70）的病例术中实现IPDA可靠结扎、根部安全处理，8.6%（6/70）合并IPDA损伤出血，无中转开腹病例。术后病理学检查结果显示，肿瘤最大径（3.3±1.6）cm（范围：1~7 cm），清扫淋巴结（17.0±7.3）枚（范围：0~46枚），合并淋巴结转移13例（18.6%）。术后发生B级胰瘘5例（13.2%），无C级胰瘘，胆瘘1例（1.4%），胃排空延迟2例（2.9%），淋巴漏2例（2.9%），腹腔感染9例（12.9%），切口脂肪液化1例（1.4%）。术后腹腔出血2例（2.9%，1例为胃小弯侧系膜血管出血，1例为肝固有动脉鞘滋养血管渗血），均为非IPDA相关性出血。术后住院时间（15.2±4.6）d（范围：9~28 d）。 结论： LPD术中采取妥善方法处理IPDA，可减少术中、术后IPDA相关性出血，提升LPD的安全性。.